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        </a></span></div></div> <div data-v-1aefc0b4><main class="page"><section><div class="page-title"><h1 class="title">CSS垂直与水平居中</h1> <div data-v-f875f3fc><i class="iconfont reco-account" data-v-f875f3fc><span data-v-f875f3fc>666</span></i> <i class="iconfont reco-date" data-v-f875f3fc><span data-v-f875f3fc>2022/2/6</span></i> <!----> <i class="tags iconfont reco-tag" data-v-f875f3fc><span class="tag-item" data-v-f875f3fc>js</span></i></div></div> <div class="theme-reco-content content__default"><hr> <h2 id="css垂直与水平居中"><a href="#css垂直与水平居中" class="header-anchor">#</a> CSS垂直与水平居中</h2> <p>利用 CSS 来实现对象的居中有许多不同的方法，其实居中主要分为了两种类型：<strong>居中元素宽高已知</strong> 和 <strong>居中元素宽高未知</strong>，下面针对这两种类型列举几种常见的方法：</p> <h2 id="居中元素宽高已知"><a href="#居中元素宽高已知" class="header-anchor">#</a> 居中元素宽高已知：</h2> <ol><li><p>absolute + margin auto</p> <p>父元素与当前元素的高度均已设置，父元素设置相对定位，当前元素设置绝对定位，将各个方向的距离都设置为 0，并将 <code>margin</code> 设置为 <code>auto</code></p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">top</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">bottom</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">left</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">right</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">margin</span><span class="token operator">:</span> auto<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li><p>absolute + 负 margin</p> <p>父元素设置相对定位，当前元素设置绝对定位50%，该百分比是基于相对定位（也就是父元素）来定位的；然后再将 <code>margin-top</code> 和 <code>margin-left</code> 设置为自身的高度和宽度的负数</p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">top</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">left</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        margin<span class="token operator">-</span>left<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token operator">-</span>25px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        margin<span class="token operator">-</span>top<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token operator">-</span>25px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p><strong>PS：margin负值</strong></p> <p><code>margin-top</code>负值：元素向上移</p> <p><code>margin-left</code>负值：元素向左移</p> <p><code>margin-bottom</code>负值：元素本身不变，下边元素上移</p> <p><code>margin-right</code>负值：元素本身不变，右边元素左移</p> <ol start="3"><li><p>absolute + calc</p> <p>父元素设置相对定位，当前元素设置绝对定位，接着使用 CSS3 的一个计算函数，与方法2类似。</p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 50px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">top</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">calc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> 25px<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">left</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">calc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> 25px<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h2 id="居中元素宽高未知"><a href="#居中元素宽高未知" class="header-anchor">#</a> 居中元素宽高未知：</h2> <ol><li><p>absolute + transform</p> <p>父元素设置相对定位，当前元素设置绝对定位50%，利用 CSS3 的新特性 <code>transform：translate（-50%, -50% ）</code>，该百分比将是基于自身的宽高计算出来的</p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> relative<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">position</span><span class="token operator">:</span> absolute<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">top</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">left</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">transform</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function">translate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">50</span><span class="token operator">%</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li><p>line-height + vertical-align</p> <p>把当前元素设置为行内元素，然后通过设置父元素的 <code>text-align: center</code> 实现水平居中；</p> <p>同时通过设置当前元素的 <code>vertical-align: middle</code> 来实现垂直居中；</p> <p>最后设置当前元素的 <code>line-height: initial</code> 来继承父元素的<code>line-height</code></p> <p>CSS 的属性 vertical-align 用来指定行内元素（inline）,行内块元素(inline-block)或表格单元格（table-cell）元素的垂直对齐方式</p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        line<span class="token operator">-</span>height<span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        text<span class="token operator">-</span>align<span class="token operator">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">display</span><span class="token operator">:</span> inline<span class="token operator">-</span>block<span class="token punctuation">;</span> 
        vertical<span class="token operator">-</span>align<span class="token operator">:</span> middle<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        line<span class="token operator">-</span>height<span class="token operator">:</span> initial<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><ol start="3"><li><p>css-table 表格样式</p> <p>把当前元素设置为行内元素，父元素设置为表格样式；设置父元素的 <code>text-align: center</code>与<code>vertical-align: middle</code></p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">display</span><span class="token operator">:</span> table<span class="token operator">-</span>cell<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        text<span class="token operator">-</span>align<span class="token operator">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        vertical<span class="token operator">-</span>align<span class="token operator">:</span> middle<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">display</span><span class="token operator">:</span> inline<span class="token operator">-</span>block<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><ol start="4"><li><p>flex 布局</p> <p>父元素设置为flex布局；设置父元素的 <code>justify-content: center;</code>与<code>align-items: center;</code></p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">display</span><span class="token operator">:</span> flex<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        justify<span class="token operator">-</span>content<span class="token operator">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        align<span class="token operator">-</span>items<span class="token operator">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><ol start="5"><li><p>grid布局</p> <p>父元素设置为grid布局；设置父元素的 <code>justify-content: center</code>与<code>align-items: center</code>，与flex布局类似</p></li></ol> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parent <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">width</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">height</span><span class="token operator">:</span> 200px<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> skyblue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token literal-property property">display</span><span class="token operator">:</span> grid<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        justify<span class="token operator">-</span>content<span class="token operator">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        align<span class="token operator">-</span>items<span class="token operator">:</span> center<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token punctuation">.</span>child <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        background<span class="token operator">-</span>color<span class="token operator">:</span> gold<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><p>参考文献：<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MG-bqm38FSLyTw9a0LBxlw" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">2021 年 CSS 垂直居中的正确打开方式<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p></div></section> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">Last Updated: </span> <span class="time">2022/2/8 下午8:56:42</span></div></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/wangyuhang/one.html" class="prev">
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